Simple. Make a 50/50 mixture of pool acid (muriatic) and water, put it in a spray bottle that you don't care about, because it'll ruin it, set to mist, spray on the surface rust. You'll see it start to bubble and foam a little, wait until it slows down, rinse, repeat until you've got clean gray steel. Rinse well, and paint with rust preventive paint, no primer required.
You will be amazed how well this works.
-Mike S.